A Brief History of Republic Nepal

Republic Nepal was formed on 25th September,1768. After the announcement of Republic Nepal, government officers and the monarch had no real power.

After the end of the Rana rule, King Mahendra was a constitutional monarchy, but the constitution was suspended by King Mahendra in 1960. In 1990, once the Panchayat people's movement ended, a constitutional monarchy was restored, and significant democratic changes were carried out by King Birendra.

In 1991, for the first time in 32 years, an elected government was established. But the policy of the new government led to an economic disaster. In the early 1990s, the Maoist movement eventually became a complete civil war. 

The Democracy movement of 2006 brought the civil war to a halt and brought Maoists into mainstream politics, culminating from the Seven Party Alliance. The Constitutional Assembly was elected in 2008 to remove the monarchy, followed by the declaration of the Parliamentary Republic of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal.

The Rise of republican Nepal (2000-2005)

The United Left Front (ULF), which was the backbone of the movement of democratic change with the Congress of Nepal. It was established on 10 January 1990. The United National People's Movement was however parallel to the communist organizations which, uncomfortably with the ULF-Congress Alliance (UNPM). 

The UNPM called for a constituent assembly election and rejected ULF and the Palace congressional compromising parties. The Nepalese Communist Party (CPN), or CPN(UC), was created in November 1990, with the main components of UNPM being included. On 21 January 1991, the CPN(UC) established an open front for contest elections, the United People's Front of Nepal (UPFN), headed by Baburam Bhattarai. On November 25, 1991, the CPN(UC) held its inaugural Convention and determined that its party will remain an underground party on a long path of violent struggle on the way to a new democratic revolution. The UPFN was the third-largest party in the Parliament in the country in the 1991 elections. However, conflicts inside the UPFN arose about the party's actions.

The endeavor of Dipendra to fight his own life was initially failing when, three days before his death, he lapsed into a coma that was crowned the new king. The SherBahadurDeuba administration and the Maoist guerrillas established a truce on 25 July 2001 and held peace negotiations between August and November of that year. The collapse of these peace talks led to the revival on 22 November of an armed conflict, which began with the Maoist attack on a Dang District military barracks in western Nepal. In 2002, the number of attacks by both sides increased considerably, and more people perished than in any other year of combat. The situation altered rapidly. In response, the administration prohibited anti-monarchy declarations, imprisoned journalists, and shut down journal charges of supporting insurgents. Several rounds of talks were undertaken between militants and the administration, together with a temporary ceasefire. The government rejected the insurgents' request for the elections to the constituent assembly. The Maoists simultaneously refused to acknowledge that a constitutional monarchy continued to survive.

In November 2004 both the desire of the Maoists to engage with King Gyanendra directly and not Prime Minister Deuba was denied by the government and the desire of the Maoists to mediate conversations through a third party such as the United Nations. The government-controlled the big towns and towns throughout the war, while the Maoists controlled the rural regions. The Maoists announced in August 2004 that the city of Kathmandu was blocked for a week and afterward renegaded. King Gyanendra assumed direct control and imposed a state of emergency in an attempt to finally end the insurgency, as a response to the relative democracy of the government's failure to restore order on 1 February 2005.

In pursuit of liberalism, we should never neglect a vital part of our behavior, namely discipline, "democracy and progress contradicts each other." He asserted. The United Kingdom and India have both discontinued material support for Nepal as a result of this takeover. However, despite the Maoist ideological connection with China China, China reacted by shipping arms to Nepal. Seventeen political groups started talks on a Seven Party Alliance in response to King Gyanendra's coupon on 5 May 2005. (SPA). With the aid of the Indian Government, the Maoist Rebels and the SPA released a joint 12-point resolution on 22 November 2005, describing autonomous monarchy as the greatest hurdle to "democracy, peace, prosperity, the social upliftment and the independence, sovereignty, and sovereignty of Nepal".

Violent conflicts diminished considerably in 2006 and instead changed resistance into non-violent demonstrations in favor of democracy. Seven major parties boycotted the municipal elections held in February. Rather, more than 70 minor political party candidates have been promoted. Officially, the turnout was 20%. During April pro-democracy marches took place throughout Nepal, killing 19 demonstrators, detaining over 400 protestors, and injuring scores more. King Gyanendra announced on 21 April that he would return to SPA governance, but both the Maoist insurgents and the SPA rejected this offer. On 24 April King Gyanendra said that the House of Representatives will be restored to the satisfaction of the SPA that formed the restored house.

The government and the Maoist insurgents agreed on 9 August to agree to oversee and administer the peace process on both sides. A Comprehensive Peace Agreement, formally ending the civil conflict, was signed by the Government, SPA, and Maoist rebels on 21 November The civil war prompted young employees, mostly in the Persian Gulf and in Southeast Asia, to seek work outside of the country. Nepal's economy still relies largely on these migrant workers' infusing of foreign revenue. The tourism business in Nepal suffered greatly as a result of the civil conflict.